Introduction
Background
Settlers from Papua arrived on the Solomon Islands around 30,000 years ago. About 6,000 years ago, Austronesian settlers came to the islands, and the two groups mixed extensively. Despite significant inter-island trade, no attempts were made to unite the islands into a single political entity. In 1568, a Spanish explorer became the first European to spot the islands. After a failed Spanish attempt at creating a permanent European settlement in the late 1500s, the Solomon Islands remained free of European contact until a British explorer arrived in 1767. European explorers and US and British whaling ships regularly visited the islands into the 1800s.
Germany declared a protectorate over the northern Solomon Islands in 1885, and the UK established a protectorate over the southern islands in 1893. In 1899, Germany transferred its islands to the UK in exchange for the UK relinquishing all claims in Samoa. In 1942, Japan invaded the islands, and the Guadalcanal Campaign (August 1942-February 1943) proved a turning point in the Pacific war. The fighting destroyed large parts of the Solomon Islands, and a nationalist movement emerged near the end of the war. By 1960, the British allowed some local autonomy. The islands were granted self-government in 1976 and independence two years later under Prime Minister Sir Peter KENILOREA.
In 1999, longstanding tensions between ethnic Guale in Honiara and ethnic Malaitans in Honiara’s suburbs erupted in civil war, leading thousands of Malaitans to take refuge in Honiara and prompting Guale to flee the city. In 2000, newly elected Prime Minister Manasseh SOGAVARE focused on peace agreements and distributing resources equally among groups, but his actions bankrupted the government in 2001 and led to his ouster. In 2003, the Solomon Islands requested international assistance to reestablish law and order; the Australian-led Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands, which ended in 2017, improved the security situation. In 2006, however, riots broke out in Honiara, and the city’s Chinatown was burned amid allegations that the prime minister took money from China. SOGAVARE was reelected prime minister for a fourth time in 2019. When a small group of protestors, mostly from the island of Malaita, approached parliament to lodge a petition calling for SOGAVARE’s removal and more development in Malaita in 2021, police fired tear gas into the crowd which sparked rioting and looting in Honiara.
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Geography
Location
Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Papua New Guinea
Geographic coordinates
8 00 S, 159 00 E
Map references
Oceania
Area - comparative
slightly smaller than Maryland
Land boundaries
total: 0 km
Coastline
5,313 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
Climate
tropical monsoon; few temperature and weather extremes
Terrain
mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls
Elevation
highest point: Mount Popomanaseu 2,335 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Natural resources
fish, forests, gold, bauxite, phosphates, lead, zinc, nickel
Land use
agricultural land: 3.9% (2018 est.)
arable land: 0.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 2.9% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 0.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 78.9% (2018 est.)
other: 17.2% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2022)
Population distribution
most of the population lives along the coastal regions; about one in five live in urban areas, and of these some two-thirds reside in Honiara, the largest town and chief port
Natural hazards
tropical cyclones, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earthquakes, tremors, and volcanic activity; tsunamis
volcanism: Tinakula (851 m) has frequent eruption activity, while an eruption of Savo (485 m) could affect the capital Honiara on nearby Guadalcanal
Geography - note
strategic location on sea routes between the South Pacific Ocean, the Solomon Sea, and the Coral Sea; Rennell Island, the southernmost in the Solomon Islands chain, is one of the world’s largest raised coral atolls; the island’s Lake Tegano, formerly a lagoon on the atoll, is the largest lake in the insular Pacific (15,500 hectares)
People and Society
Population
total: 726,799
male: 370,970
female: 355,829 (2024 est.)
comparison rankings: female 167; male 167; total 167
Nationality
noun: Solomon Islander(s)
adjective: Solomon Islander
Ethnic groups
Melanesian 95.3%, Polynesian 3.1%, Micronesian 1.2%, other 0.3% (2009 est.)
Languages
Melanesian pidgin (lingua franca in much of the country), English (official but spoken by only 1%-2% of the population), 120 indigenous languages
Religions
Protestant 73.4% (Church of Melanesia 31.9%, South Sea Evangelical 17.1%, Seventh Day Adventist 11.7%, United Church 10.1%, Christian Fellowship Church 2.5%), Roman Catholic 19.6%, other Christian 2.9%, other 4%, unspecified 0.1% (2009 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years: 30.6% (male 114,246/female 108,020)
15-64 years: 64.2% (male 238,708/female 227,636)
65 years and over: 5.3% (2024 est.) (male 18,016/female 20,173)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 74.8
youth dependency ratio: 68.8
elderly dependency ratio: 6
potential support ratio: 16.5 (2021 est.)
Median age
total: 25.2 years (2024 est.)
male: 25 years
female: 25.4 years
comparison ranking: total 171
Population distribution
most of the population lives along the coastal regions; about one in five live in urban areas, and of these some two-thirds reside in Honiara, the largest town and chief port
Urbanization
urban population: 26% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 3.57% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
82,000 HONIARA (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female
total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
22.6 years (2015 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
Infant mortality rate
total: 19.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
male: 22.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.2 deaths/1,000 live births
comparison ranking: total 79
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 77.2 years (2024 est.)
male: 74.6 years
female: 80 years
comparison ranking: total population 95
Gross reproduction rate
1.35 (2024 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
29.3% (2015)
Drinking water source
improved: urban: 95% of population
rural: 65.9% of population
total: 73.1% of population
unimproved: urban: 5% of population
rural: 34.1% of population
total: 26.9% of population (2020 est.)
Current health expenditure
4.4% of GDP (2020)
Physician density
0.19 physicians/1,000 population (2016)
Hospital bed density
1.4 beds/1,000 population (2012)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: 95.6% of population
rural: 22.6% of population
total: 40.6% of population
unimproved: urban: 4.4% of population
rural: 77.4% of population
total: 59.4% of population (2020 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 1.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 1.1 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.06 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
comparison ranking: total 146
Tobacco use
total: 36.5% (2020 est.)
male: 53.8% (2020 est.)
female: 19.2% (2020 est.)
comparison ranking: total 12
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
64.1% (2023 est.)
Literacy
total population: NA
male: NA
female: NA
Environment
Environment - current issues
deforestation; soil erosion; many of the surrounding coral reefs are dead or dying, exhibiting the effects of climate change and rising sea levels
Environment - international agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban
Climate
tropical monsoon; few temperature and weather extremes
Land use
agricultural land: 3.9% (2018 est.)
arable land: 0.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 2.9% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 0.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 78.9% (2018 est.)
other: 17.2% (2018 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 26% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 3.57% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Air pollutants
particulate matter emissions: 7.83 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
carbon dioxide emissions: 0.17 megatons (2016 est.)
methane emissions: 0.43 megatons (2020 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 179,972 tons (2013 est.)
Total renewable water resources
44.7 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)
Government
Country name
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Solomon Islands
local long form: none
local short form: Solomon Islands
former: British Solomon Islands
etymology: Spanish explorer Alvaro de MENDANA named the isles in 1568 after the wealthy biblical King SOLOMON in the mistaken belief that the islands contained great riches
Government type
parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Capital
name: Honiara
geographic coordinates: 9 26 S, 159 57 E
time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name derives from "nagho ni ara," which in one of the Guadalcanal languages roughly translates as "facing the eastern wind"
Administrative divisions
9 provinces and 1 city*; Central, Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Honiara*, Isabel, Makira and Ulawa, Malaita, Rennell and Bellona, Temotu, Western
Independence
7 July 1978 (from the UK)
National holiday
Independence Day, 7 July (1978)
Legal system
mixed legal system of English common law and customary law
Constitution
history: adopted 31 May 1978, effective 7 July 1978; note - in late 2017, provincial leaders agreed to adopt a new federal constitution; progress has been stalled, but as of February 2023, the draft constitution was with the Constitutional Review Unit in the prime minister's office
amendments: proposed by the National Parliament; passage of constitutional sections, including those on fundamental rights and freedoms, the legal system, Parliament, alteration of the constitution and the ombudsman, requires three-fourths majority vote by Parliament and assent of the governor general; passage of other amendments requires two-thirds majority vote and assent of the governor general; amended several times, last in 2018
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Solomon Islands
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years
Suffrage
21 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General David Tiva KAPU (since 7 July 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister Jeremiah MANELE (since 2 May 2024)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the National Parliament for up to 5 years (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by the National Parliament; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among members of the National Parliament
Legislative branch
description: unicameral National Parliament (50 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)
elections: last held on 17 April 2024 (next to be held in 2028)
election results: percent of vote by party - OUR: 24.1%, independent 21.9%, SIDP 19.3%, SIUP 13.5%, KAD 4.5%, SIPRA 4.5%, PFP 3.2%, U4C 3.0%, DAP 1.6%, others 4.0%; seats by party - OUR Party 15, SIDP 8, SIUP 6, DAP 4, KAD 1, SIPRA 1, PFP 3, U4C 1, independents 11; composition - men 46, women 4, percentage women 8%
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and ex officio members including the High Court chief justice and its puisne judges); High Court (consists of the chief justice and puisne judges, as prescribed by the National Parliament)
judge selection and term of office: Court of Appeal and High Court president, chief justices, and puisne judges appointed by the governor general upon recommendation of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission, chaired by the chief justice and includes 5 members, mostly judicial officials and legal professionals; all judges serve until retirement at age 60
subordinate courts: Magistrates' Courts; Customary Land Appeal Court; local courts
Political parties
Democratic Alliance Party or DAP
Kadere Party of Solomon Islands or KAD
Ownership, Unity, and Responsibility Party (OUR Party)
People First Party or PFP
Solomon Islands Democratic Party or SIDP
Solomon Islands Party for Rural Advancement or SIPRA
Solomon Islands United Party or SIUP
United for Change Party or U4C
Coalition for Accountability Reform and Empowerment (CARE) is comprised of DAP, SIDP, and U4C
note: in general, Solomon Islands politics is characterized by fluid coalitions
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, EITI (candidate country), ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Jane Mugafalu Kabui WAETARA (since 16 September 2022); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN
chancery: 685 Third Avenue, 11th Floor, Suite 1102, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 599-6192
FAX: [1] (212) 661-8925
email address and website:
[email protected]
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Ann Marie YASTISHOCK (since 14 March 2024); note - also accredited to the Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu, based in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
embassy: BJS Building
Commonwealth Avenue
Honiara, Solomon Islands
telephone: [677] 23426
FAX: [677] 27429
Flag description
divided diagonally by a thin yellow stripe from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is blue with five white five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern; the lower triangle is green; blue represents the ocean, green the land, and yellow sunshine; the five stars stand for the five main island groups of the Solomon Islands
National symbol(s)
national colors: blue, yellow, green, white
National anthem
name: "God Save Our Solomon Islands"
lyrics/music: Panapasa BALEKANA and Matila BALEKANA/Panapasa BALEKANA
note: adopted 1978
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (natural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: East Rennell
Economy
Economic overview
lower middle-income Pacific island economy; natural resource rich but environmentally fragile; key agrarian sector; growing Chinese economic relationship; infrastructure damage due to social unrest; metal mining operations
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$2.025 billion (2023 est.)
$1.967 billion (2022 est.)
$1.921 billion (2021 est.)
note: data in 2021 dollars
comparison ranking: 200
Real GDP growth rate
2.95% (2023 est.)
2.4% (2022 est.)
2.56% (2021 est.)
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
comparison ranking: 110
Real GDP per capita
$2,700 (2023 est.)
$2,700 (2022 est.)
$2,700 (2021 est.)
note: data in 2021 dollars
comparison ranking: 202
GDP (official exchange rate)
$1.631 billion (2023 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
5.89% (2023 est.)
5.52% (2022 est.)
-0.12% (2021 est.)
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
comparison ranking: 126
Credit ratings
Moody's rating: B3 (2015)
note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 34.3% (2017 est.)
industry: 7.6% (2017 est.)
services: 58.1% (2017 est.)
comparison rankings: services 136; industry 212; agriculture 14
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: NA
government consumption: NA
investment in fixed capital: NA
investment in inventories: NA
exports of goods and services: 25.8% (2011 est.)
imports of goods and services: -49.6% (2011 est.)
Agricultural products
oil palm fruit, coconuts, sweet potatoes, taro, yams, fruits, pulses, vegetables, cocoa beans, cassava (2022)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Industries
fish (tuna), mining, timber
Industrial production growth rate
4.7% (2022 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
comparison ranking: 55
Labor force
382,000 (2023 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
comparison ranking: 165
Unemployment rate
1.55% (2023 est.)
1.58% (2022 est.)
0.87% (2021 est.)
note: % of labor force seeking employment
comparison ranking: 16
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 3% (2023 est.)
male: 2.6% (2023 est.)
female: 3.5% (2023 est.)
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
comparison ranking: total 193
Remittances
5.18% of GDP (2023 est.)
5.18% of GDP (2022 est.)
3.35% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Budget
revenues: $514 million (2019 est.)
expenditures: $537 million (2019 est.)
Public debt
15.39% of GDP (2022 est.)
note: central government debt as a % of GDP
comparison ranking: 194
Taxes and other revenues
20.67% (of GDP) (2022 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
comparison ranking: 81
Current account balance
-$178.197 million (2023 est.)
-$218.534 million (2022 est.)
-$78.192 million (2021 est.)
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
comparison ranking: 107
Exports
$546.025 million (2023 est.)
$411.359 million (2022 est.)
$413.657 million (2021 est.)
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
comparison ranking: 191
Exports - partners
China 51%, India 9%, Italy 8%, Australia 5%, Netherlands 4% (2022)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
wood, fish, palm oil, gold, coconut oil (2022)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
$883.611 million (2023 est.)
$764.641 million (2022 est.)
$619.46 million (2021 est.)
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
comparison ranking: 194
Imports - partners
China 37%, Singapore 16%, Malaysia 12%, Australia 10%, NZ 4% (2022)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, plastic products, fish, iron structures, construction vehicles (2022)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$661.604 million (2022 est.)
$694.515 million (2021 est.)
$660.996 million (2020 est.)
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
comparison ranking: 159
Debt - external
$757 million (31 December 2017 est.)
$643 million (31 December 2016 est.)
comparison ranking: 172
Exchange rates
Solomon Islands dollars (SBD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates:
8.376 (2023 est.)
8.156 (2022 est.)
8.03 (2021 est.)
8.213 (2020 est.)
8.173 (2019 est.)
Energy
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 76% (2022 est.)
electrification - urban areas: 79%
electrification - rural areas: 75.4%
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 37,000 kW (2022 est.)
consumption: 89.565 million kWh (2022 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 19.55 million kWh (2022 est.)
comparison rankings: transmission/distribution losses 25; consumption 200; installed generating capacity 200
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 93.8% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
solar: 2.7% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
biomass and waste: 3.5% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 2,000 bbl/day (2022 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
322,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids: 322,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)
comparison ranking: total emissions 195
Communications
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 7,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
comparison ranking: total subscriptions 195
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 474,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 67 (2021 est.)
comparison ranking: total subscriptions 175
Telecommunication systems
general assessment: mobile services have continually expanded in the Solomon Islands; 3G services became available in 2010, leading to an increase in mobile broadband uptake; Solomon Islands currently host three ISPs; fixed broadband services are largely limited to government, corporations, and educational organizations in the Solomon Islands; telecommunication infrastructure in the Solomon Islands requires significant investment due to the geographical make-up of the islands; this presents a great challenge to rural connectivity in the country; although various international organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank have taken a special interest in having communication services improved in both the Solomon Islands and the Pacific region in general, internet and broadband penetration remain low; the provision of broadband infrastructure, particularly to rural areas, is also hindered by land disputes; internet services have, improved with the build-out of the Coral Sea Cable System linking Papua New Guinea to the Solomon Islands, as also with a connecting cable to a landing station at Sydney; the Australian government provided most of the funding for the Coral Sea Cable System, with contributions and support from the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea governments; the launch of the Kacific-1 satellite in late 2019 also improved broadband satellite capacity for the region, though for telcos in Solomon Islands satellite services are now largely used as backup for international traffic; in recent years, the country has stabilized both politically and economically and this, along with improvements to mobile infrastructure, has led to a rise in mobile services and the slow uptake of broadband services; while the first LTE services were launched in late 2017 in the capital Honiara, the main platform for mobile voice and data services remains 3G, while in outlying areas GSM is still an important technology for the provision of services (2022)
domestic: fixed-line is less than 1 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular telephone density 67 per 100 persons (2021)
international: country code - 677; landing points for the CSCS and ICNS2 submarine cables providing connectivity from Solomon Islands, to PNG, Vanuatu and Australia; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)
Broadcast media
Solomon Islands Broadcasting Corporation (SIBC) does not broadcast television; multi-channel pay-TV is available; SIBC operates 2 national radio stations and 2 provincial stations; there are 2 local commercial radio stations; Radio Australia is available via satellite feed (since 2009) (2019)
Internet users
total: 255,600 (2021 est.)
percent of population: 36% (2021 est.)
comparison ranking: total 175
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 1,000 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.2 (2020 est.)
comparison ranking: total 206
Transportation
National air transport system
number of registered air carriers: 1 (2020)
inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 6
annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 427,806 (2018)
annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 3.84 million (2018) mt-km
Heliports
1 (2024)
Roadways
total: 1,390 km
paved: 34 km
unpaved: 1,356 km (2011)
note: includes 920 km of private plantation roads
comparison ranking: total 177
Merchant marine
total: 25 (2023)
by type: general cargo 8, oil tanker 1, other 16
comparison ranking: total 142
Ports
total ports: 6 (2024)
large: 0
medium: 0
small: 2
very small: 4
ports with oil terminals: 1
key ports: Gizo Harbor, Honiara, Port Noro, Ringgi Cove, Tulaghi, Yandina
Military and Security
Military and security forces
no regular military forces; the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force (RSIPF) is responsible for internal and external security and reports to the Ministry of Police, National Security, and Correctional Services (2024)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
China and Australia have provided equipment to the Police Force; the maritime branch operates patrol boats provided by Australia (2023)
Military - note
from 2003 to 2017, at the request of the Solomon Islands Governor-General, the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI), consisting of police, military, and civilian advisors drawn from 15 countries, assisted in reestablishing and maintaining civil and political order while reinforcing regional stability and security; from November 2021 to August 2024, an Australian-led Solomon Islands Assistance Force (SIAF) provided support to the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force (RSIPF) in maintaining stability; the SIAF also included military and police personnel from New Zealand, Fiji, and Papua New Guinea; following the conclusion of the SIAF mission, Australia continued to provide security assistance to the Solomon Islands; the Solomon Islands Government has also signed police and security agreements with China (2024)
Transnational Issues
Trafficking in persons
tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List — the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Solomon Islands remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the second consecutive year; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2024-trafficking-in-persons-report/solomon-islands/